Phase II Study of Acalabrutinib, Venetoclax, and Obinutuzumab in a Treatment-Naïve Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Population Enriched for High-Risk Disease

Author(s): Matthew S. Davids, MD, MMSc¹, Christine E. Ryan, MD¹, Benjamin L. Lampson, MD, PhD¹, Yue Ren, MS², Svitlana Tyekucheva, PhD², Stacey M. Fernandes, BS¹, Jennifer L. Crombie, MD¹, Austin I. Kim, MD¹, Matthew Weinstock, MD³, Josie Montegaard, NP¹, Heather A. Walker, MPH¹, Claire Greenman, BA¹, Victoria Patterson, RN¹, Caron A. Jacobson, MD, MMSc¹, Ann S. LaCasce, MD, MMSc¹, Philippe Armand, MD, PhD¹, David C. Fisher, MD¹, Steve Lo, MD⁴, Adam J. Olszewski, MD⁵, Jon E. Arnason, MD³, Inhye E. Ahn, MD¹, Jennifer R. Brown, MD, PhD¹;

Source: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO-24-02503

Dr. Anjan Patel's Thoughts

Triple therapy for CLL, AVO, is highly active and has very high MRD-negative rates compared to other studies using Ven+Obi or BTKi therapy alone. The battle between indefinite BTKi therapy vs more intense combination therapy will continue as we don’t know if one paradigm is better from a bigger picture.

PURPOSE

The AMPLIFY trial recently established fixed-duration acalabrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab (AVO) as a new standard-of-care option for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with wild-type TP53; however, due to the chemoimmunotherapy control arm, AMPLIFY excluded patients with high-risk TP53 aberration, for whom current standards of care are continuous Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or alternatively fixed-duration venetoclax-based doublets. AVO has not previously been evaluated in patients with CLL with TP53 aberration.

METHODS

This investigator-sponsored, multicenter, phase II study enrolled patients with treatment-naïve CLL enriched for high-risk CLL, defined by TP53 aberration (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03580928). Patients received acalabrutinib, obinutuzumab, and then venetoclax, with each treatment introduced sequentially and in combination, with the duration guided by measurable residual disease (MRD). Patients who achieved undetectable MRD (uMRD) after either 15 or 24 cycles could discontinue treatment. The primary end point was complete remission (CR) with bone marrow uMRD (BM-uMRD) at the start of cycle 16.

RESULTS

Seventy-two patients were accrued, including 45 patients with TP53 aberration. The CR with BM-uMRD rates at the start of cycle 16 were 42% in patients with TP53 aberration and 42% in all-comers, and the BM-uMRD rates were 71% and 78%, respectively. Hematologic toxicities were mainly low grade, and cardiovascular toxicities and bleeding complications were infrequent. After a median follow-up of 55.2 months, 10 patients had progressed, including four with transformation, and three patients died. Four-year progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with or without TP53 aberration were 70%/96% and 88%/100%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

AVO was highly active and well tolerated in patients with previously untreated high-risk CLL, supporting its use as a new standard-of-care treatment option.

Author Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; ² Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; ³ Department of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; ⁴ Stamford Hospital, Stamford, CT; ⁵ Brown University Health, Providence, RI

Orca-T vs allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Precision-T): a multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial Open Access

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Acalabrutinib in patients aged ≥80 years demonstrated 12-month progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of 93.3% and 95.7%, respectively, after a median follow-up of 19 months. Adverse events were severe but rarely included major bleeding or atrial fibrillation. Patient-reported quality of life improved, including amerlioration of frailty.