Ten-Year Outcomes after CAR T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Lymphomas
After 10 years one third of the heavily pretreated lymphoma patients who had CAR-T therapy stayed disease free.
After 10 years one third of the heavily pretreated lymphoma patients who had CAR-T therapy stayed disease free.
Progression-free survival was improved in the tafa-len-R-CHOP group vs the R-CHOP with 2-year progression-free survival rates of 71·1vs 62·9% toxicity was higher with tafa-len-R-CHOP with a higher rate of fatal treatment-emergent adverse events, but more overall deaths the RCHOP arm. It is early to add Len taf because of toxicity esp with OS survival and deep response data being immature.
Median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer with mosunetuzumab plus polatuzumab vedotin (Mosun-Pola) than with R-GemOx (11.5 months vs 3.8 months). The overall response rate (ORR) was significantly higher with Mosun-Pola compared with R-GemOx (70% vs 40%; P < .0001), with complete response rates of 51% and 24%, respectively. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in fewer than 5% of patients.
Another update demonstrated the superiority of polatuzumab vedotin plus R-CHOP (Pola-R-CHOP) over R-CHOP alone, with improved progression-free survival (PFS) (64% vs 59%). Overall survival (OS) was not statistically significant; however, the hazard ratio was 0.85, with greater benefit observed in high-risk patients.
Minimal residual disease (MRD) testing after two cycles of therapy and at the end of treatment predicted 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) (96% in MRD-negative patients vs 67% in MRD-positive patients). MRD status was more predictive of treatment outcomes than radiographic imaging in this patient population.
The ECHELON-3 study showed BV + Len + R is an active and (relatively) tolerable in the rrDLBCL patient group. Interestingly, patients did not have to be CD30+ to see a benefit.
Mosunetuzumab has an impressive response rate and durability of response in heavily pre-treated patients with B-cell NHL. This was presented at our webinar on August 7, 2024 by the cellular therapy team, slides are available upon request. We have this drug available at select sites within our practice so please contact us if you have a patient in mind.
This gives more credence to the idea of avoiding bendamustine before CAR T therapy. Patients exposed to bendamustine had about a 20% lower overall response rate (ORR), 50% shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and >50% shorter overall survival (OS) compared to those who were bendamustine naive. Although other factors may also play a role here, these seem to be significant differences and should make it clear that one should not use this drug before pursuing CAR T therapy.
Good review of high-risk patients, showing that prophylactic high dose MTX did not have lower risk of CNS disease.
There are too many options for DLBCL now with monoclonal antibodies, bispecific and CAR-T therapy, but in frail patients, this might be an option. Tafatistamab with lenalidomide had higher ORR (55vs 50) and CR( 37 vs 27%) but this is comparing different trials, and this trial had mostly elderly pts, I do feel tafatistamab is fairly well tolerated though. But when in doubt this seems to be a fair option.